Agosto 2024 vol. 11 num. 1 - XXXI Simpósio Internacional de Engenharia Automotiva

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Avaliação de Ciclo de Vida do berço-ao-portão de veículos leves: Uma revisão da literatura

Cradle-to-gate Life Cycle Assessment of light duty vehicles: A literature review.

SOARES, T. Z. ; GAVIOLI, L.M. ; LAMBIASI, L.N. ; CESILLA, L.S. ; PICOLI, J.F. ; OSORIO, G. ;

Trabalho completo:

Emissões de GEE do berço-ao-portão de veículos leves convencionais, híbridos e elétricos, foram avaliadas nesta revisão de literatura. Tendo como foco a Avaliação de Ciclo de Vida (ACV), a análise de 58 estudos indicou que a fabricação de veículos elétricos é mais intensa em carbono quando em comparação a outros tipos de propulsão (BEV 10,6 – 15,9; ICEV 6,3 – 12,7 tCO2eq./veículo). A produção das baterias contribui com cerca de 40% das emissões e, para os demais veículos, o trem de força e a carroceria respondem por mais da metade das emissões. Aço e alumínio representam a maior parte das emissões por material, bem como o material ativo do cátodo e a energia consumida na montagem de células no caso das baterias. Diferenças entre resultados da literatura decorrem não só de contrastes entre premissas da ACV, escopo geográfico e temporal, mas também do mix energético adotado. Apenas um estudo avaliou impactos com escopo de produção no Brasil, evidenciando uma lacuna de conhecimento e justificando a importância de dados primários e transparentes no contexto nacional que permitam resultados de maior consistência e confiabilidade para possíveis comparações internacionais. Por fim, vantagens comparativas do país podem impulsionar a indústria automotiva para a descarbonização do setor.

Trabalho completo:

Cradle-to-gate GHG emissions from internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV), hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) and battery electric vehicle (BEV) were assessed in this literature review. Focusing on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), the analysis of 58 studies indicated that the manufacture of electric vehicles is more carbon intensive when compared to other types of propulsion (BEV 9,8 - 15.7; ICEV 6.3 - 12.7 tCO2eq. /vehicle). Battery production contributes around 40% of emissions and, for other vehicles, the powertrain and body account for more than half of emissions. Steel and aluminum account for most of the emissions by material, as well as the active material of the cathode and the energy consumed in the assembly of cells in the case of batteries. Differences between results in the literature stem not only from contrasts between LCA assumptions, geographical and temporal scope, but also from the energy mix adopted. Only one study has evaluated impacts with a production scope in Brazil, highlighting a knowledge gap and justifying the importance of primary and transparent data in the national context that allows for more consistent and reliable results for possible international comparisons. The country

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DOI: 10.5151/simea2024-PAP52

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Como citar:

SOARES, T. Z.; GAVIOLI, L.M.; LAMBIASI, L.N.; CESILLA, L.S.; PICOLI, J.F.; OSORIO, G.; "Avaliação de Ciclo de Vida do berço-ao-portão de veículos leves: Uma revisão da literatura", p. 266-273 . In: Anais do XXXI Simpósio Internacional de Engenharia Automotiva . São Paulo: Blucher, 2024.
ISSN 2357-7592, DOI 10.5151/simea2024-PAP52

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