Maio 2022 vol. 9 num. 1 - VI Encontro Nacional de Economia Industrial e Inovação

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Classificação da indústria quanto a contribuição para o desenvolvimento do Brasil a partir da ótica da desigualdade intra e intersetorial dos rendimentos do trabalho em diferentes conjunturas econômicas

Classification of the industry in terms of its contribution to the development of Brazil from the perspective of intra and intersectoral inequality of income from work in different economic conjunctures

Santos, Patrick Leite ; Saiani, Carlos César Santejo ;

Artigo:

O objetivo deste estudo é preencher duas lacunas existentes no estudo da desigualdade de renda a partir da ótica setorial, evidenciando a contribuição da indústria em diferentes conjunturas econômicas. A primeira é a ausência de um índice que mede, simultaneamente, a desigualdade intra e intersetorial. A segunda é uma classificação que ordene os setores tendo como critério de agrupamento um indicador de desigualdade. Para isso, é proposto o ajuste do coeficiente de Gini setorial (desigualdade interna) por uma medida de desigualdade intersetorial. Assim, são propostos e calculados o Índice de Desigualdade Intra e Intersetorial (IDIIS) dos rendimentos do trabalho, e a criação da classificação baseada neste índice a partir de um método de agrupamento hierárquico (cluster). A aplicação é realizada com dados de 1976 a 2019 da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios e distinções de acordo com a conjuntura econômica – recessão e crescimento. Os resultados sugerem que o IDIIS consegue qualificar os setores, considerando além da dispersão interna dos rendimentos, o nível de rendimento médio relativo em que ele ocorre. Já a classificação permite visualizar melhor os setores que possuem similaridades quanto às desigualdades intra e intersetoriais. Por fim, evidencia-se que em anos de recessão econômica, o setor industrial melhora o seu nível de desigualdade relativamente aos demais.

Artigo:

The objective of this study is to fill two gaps in the study of income inequality from a sectoral perspective, highlighting the contribution of industry in different economic situations. The first is the absence of an index that simultaneously measures intra and intersectoral inequality. The second is a classification that orders the sectors using an inequality indicator as a grouping criterion. For this purpose, the adjustment of the sectoral Gini coefficient (internal inequality) by a measure of intersectoral inequality is proposed. Thus, the Intra and Intersectoral Inequality Index (IDIIS) of labor income is proposed and calculated, and the creation of the classification based on this index from a hierarchical grouping method (cluster). The application is carried out with data from 1976 to 2019 from the National Household Sample Survey and distinctions according to the economic situation - recession and growth. The results suggest that the IDIIS manages to qualify the sectors, considering, in addition to the internal dispersion of income, the relative average income level at which it occurs. The classification, on the other hand, allows for a better visualization of the sectors that have similarities in terms of intra and intersectoral inequalities. Finally, it is evident that in years of economic recession, the industrial sector improves its level of inequality in relation to the others.

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Palavras-chave: Indústria; Desigualdade; Índice; Classificação; Brasil,

Palavras-chave: Industry; Inequality; Index; Classification; Brazil,

DOI: 10.5151/vi-enei-833

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Como citar:

Santos, Patrick Leite; Saiani, Carlos César Santejo; "Classificação da indústria quanto a contribuição para o desenvolvimento do Brasil a partir da ótica da desigualdade intra e intersetorial dos rendimentos do trabalho em diferentes conjunturas econômicas", p. 41-60 . In: Anais do VI Encontro Nacional de Economia Industrial e Inovação (ENEI): “Indústria e pesquisa para Inovação: novos desafios ao desenvolvimento sustentável”. São Paulo: Blucher, 2022.
ISSN 2357-7592, DOI 10.5151/vi-enei-833

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