Pôster:

Rheumatic fever (RF) is a disease that occurs as a late non-suppurative sequelae of an oropharyngeal infection by Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus. Estimates 470,000 new cases of acute rheumatic fever (ARF) in the world and 275,000 deaths attributed normally to their cardiac complications. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), it estimates that approximately 10 million streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis occur annually in Brazil, totaling 30,000 new cases of RF, of which up to 50% develops with cardiac involvement. This study compared the lethality rate of hospitalizations in the Healthcare System (SUS) by ARF and chronic rheumatic heart disease (CRHD) between the states of Rio Grande do Norte (RN) and Ceará (CE).

Materials and methods

The data were collected from the DATASUS website, where information was retrieved from the TABNET of "Epidemiological and Morbidity". Afterwards, the hospital morbidity was chosen by place of residence from 2008 in RN and CE, and the number of hospitalizations per year of care was obtained between January 2016 and April 2019 according to the List of ICD-10 containing ARF and CHD; as for the number of deaths was made the same sequence.

Results

In the RN, in 2016, the total number of hospitalizations for rheumatic disease, the number of deaths and the lethality rate, respectively, were: 123; 7; 5.69%; in the CE were: 442; 37; 8.37%. In 2017, the RN’s data were: 143; 5; 3.49%; and CE’s were 256; 17; 6.64%. In 2018, the RN’s numbers were: 102; 11; 10.78%; while the CE’s were 318; 16; 5.03%. Until April 2019 the RN had 33 hospitalizations and no deaths; CE had 31 hospitalizations, 2 deaths, lethality rate of 6.45%.

Conclusion

The prevalence of hospitalizations in the RN increased until 2017, the year that reached the highest number, while the lethality rate reduced. In 2018, despite the reduction in admissions, there was an increase in lethality. The prevalence of hospitalizations in the CE was oscillating until 2019, being in 2016 the highest prevalence. The absolute number of hospitalizations and deaths was higher in the CE, perhaps due to the greater: population, diagnostic suspicion of the disease, or accessibility to healthcare system. However, the RN has a lower proportional lethality, with the exception of 2018. Both states had the greatest number of hospitalizations and deaths due to CRHD. Further studies should be done to reduce the underdiagnosis of the disease.