Maio 2014 vol. 1 num. 1 - 10th World Congress on Computational Mechanics

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MATERIAL MODEL PROPOSAL FOR THE DESIGN OF BIODEGRADABLE PLASTIC STRUCTURES

Vieira, A. C. ; Guedes, R. M. ; Marques, A. T. ; Tita, V. ;

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Several biodegradable polymers are used in many products with short life cycle. Aliphatic polyesters, such as polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA),polycaprolactone (PCL), polydioxone (PDO) and others, have been commonly used in biodegradable products. Important applications of these are found in the biomedical field, where biodegradable materials are applied on manufacturing scaffolds. These scaffolds temporarily replace the biomechanical functions of a biologic tissue, while it progressively regenerates its capacities. In the case of commodity products, biodegradable plastics claim clear environmental advantages in several brief use applications, mainly in their final stage of life (waste disposal), which can clearly be evident through life cycle assessment. Performance of a device depends of its behavior to mechanical, thermal or chemical applied stresses. It is mostly conditioned by the materials selection and dimensioning of the product. For a biodegradable product, performance will decrease along its degradation. From the final user point of view, performance should be enough for the predicted use, during all its life cycle. Biodegradable plastics can present short term performances similar to conventional plastics. Hydrolytic and/or enzymatic chain cleavage of these materials leads to α-hydroxyacids, which, in most cases, are ultimately assimilated in human body or in a composting environment. The mechanical behavior of biodegradable materials along its degradation time, which is an important aspect of the project, is still an unexplored subject. The failure criteria for maximum strength as a function of degradation time have traditionally been modeled according to a first order kinetics. In this work, hyper elastic constitutive models, such as the Neo-Hokean, the Mooney-Rivlin modified and the second reduced order will also be discussed. An example of these is shown for a blend composed of polylatic acid (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL). A numerical approach using ABAQUS is presented, where the material properties of the model proposal are automatically updated in correspondence to the degradation time, by means of a User Material subroutine (UMAT). The parameterization of the material model proposal for different degradation time was achieved by fitting the theoretical curves with the experimental data of tensile tests made on PLA-PCL blend (90:10) specimens. The material model proposal presented here could be used as a design toll for generic biodegradable devices.

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Palavras-chave: biodegradable materials, constitutive models, long-term dimensioning,

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DOI: 10.5151/meceng-wccm2012-18893

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Como citar:

Vieira, A. C.; Guedes, R. M.; Marques, A. T.; Tita, V.; "MATERIAL MODEL PROPOSAL FOR THE DESIGN OF BIODEGRADABLE PLASTIC STRUCTURES", p. 2512-2529 . In: In Proceedings of the 10th World Congress on Computational Mechanics [= Blucher Mechanical Engineering Proceedings, v. 1, n. 1]. São Paulo: Blucher, 2014.
ISSN 2358-0828, DOI 10.5151/meceng-wccm2012-18893

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